Movie 1

Dynamic changes of F-actin during cell extrusion.
The center of an epithelial cell in the Lifeact-GFP–overexpressing embryo was directly irradiated with a single pulse of the femtosecond laser (15 nJ/pulse) at time = 0 s. Scale bar: 10 μm. F-actin ring was generated at around 120 s, and subsequently tightened.

Quantitative analysis of mechanical force required for cell extrusion in zebrafish embryonic epithelia

Sohei Yamada, Takanori Iino, Yasumasa Bessho, Yoichiroh Hosokawa, and Takaaki Matsui

Biology Open 2017. 6:1575-1580; doi: 10.1242/bio.027847