Movie S9

This video shows cardiac contraction without endocardium but no circulation of “vesselless” (cloche/npas4l^-/-).

Re-evaluating the functional landscape of the cardiovascular system during development

Norio Takada, Madoka Omae, Fumihiko Sagawa, Neil C. Chi, Satsuki Endo, Satoshi Kozawa, and Thomas N. Sato

Biology Open 2017. 6:1756-1770; doi: 10.1242/bio.030254