Movie 1

Impaired apical constriction in Folr1-deficient neural plate cells. Two-cell-stage embryos were bilaterally injected with membrane-GFP (in green) and unilaterally with 10 pmol Folr1-MO + AlexaFluor 594-dextran conjugate (in red). Confocal images of the apical neural plate in live embryos at stage 15-15.5 were taken every 5 min. Shown are z-projections of the sequence of time frames during 1 h recording. Note decrease in cell surface, folding of the neural plate and appearance of non-neural ectoderm (relatively big hexagonal cells) towards the end of the movie in the wild-type side (top, green), while neural plate cells containing Folr1-MO fail to constrict and the neural plate does not fold (bottom, yellow).