Movie 3

Cilia in early neurula embryos of amphioxus are motile, but do not rotate. Time-lapse movie of dorsal explant of early neurula (ventral view) revealed fast beating of long cilia on left-lateral epithelial ectodermal cells, and very low-frequency of beating of long cilia on gastrocoel roof plate cells, and mediumfrequency beating of short cilia on anterior neural ectodermal cells. For better observation, the movie was slowed down to half of its original speed. The bars in the movie are 10 μm.