Movie 3.

Effectiveness of frequency modulation of cAMP oscillations in low-density cell populations. Frequency modulation from 6-minute to 4-minute promoted multicellular structure formation in low-density cell populations. White circles indicate the stimulation area with a diameter of 250 μm. A yellow box highlights the area where a small multicellular structure formed, with an enlarged transmitted light image shown in the right panel. Scale bars: 100 μm.