Movie 3.

Emergence of oxygen gradients in MEMIC Time-lapse of MDA-MB-231 tumor cells expressing membrane mCherry-CAAX and 5xHRE/GFP – a GFP-based hypoxia reporter. The MEMIC opening is on the left. The cells far from the opening demonstrate significantly higher levels of GFP than the ones near the opening at later time points. Quantification of GFP signal shows that oxygen gradients emerge within the MEMIC during cell incubation and increase over time. Total time: 32 h