Movie 1

(LSRFTri.ogg): Assembly of model, and then three successive bites in which the lateral sub-radular fibers are activated, showing the normal pattern of biting, including large openings near the peak of protraction, followed by ridge formation and retraction.

Soft-surface grasping: radular opening in Aplysia californica

Catherine E. Kehl, Joey Wu, Sisi Lu, David M. Neustadter, Richard F. Drushel, Rebekah K. Smoldt, and Hillel J. Chiel

Journal of Experimental Biology 2019. 222:None-None; doi: 10.1242/jeb.191254