Movie 2.
Planarians display muscle-driven locomotion at 4V. Planarians move randomly in troughs when no voltage is applied but show directed movement using muscle-driven locomotion towards the cathode when 2V is applied. Timestamp is in seconds and the white bar represents the location of the cathode. Movie is sped up 4x.
Head removal enhances planarian electrotaxis
Journal of Experimental Biology 2022. 225:None-None; doi: 10.1242/jeb.243972