Movie 2.
Example video of the single animal tick-on-a-stick CO2 responses. Responses to ambient air and 4% CO2 of an adult female Ixodes scapularis, tethered to a metal rod and placed on an air-supported ball that acts as an omnidirectional treadmill.
The black-legged tick Ixodes scapularis detects CO2 without the Haller's organ
Journal of Experimental Biology 2024. 227:None-None; doi: 10.1242/jeb.246874