Movie 3 (related to Fig. 7).

3D FEM simulation of myosin constriction induced furrow formation with an active thin shell continuum mechanics model. First row corresponds to the wild type embryo (M0 = 25.5, wy=10 μm) and the second row to the mutant (corresponding to RhoGEF2 O/E) with a larger myosin width in the ventral-dorsal direction (M0=25.5, wy = 50 μm). First column: Myosin-induced contractility distribution on ellipsoid. Second column: Resulting 2D midface curvature on ellipsoid. Third column: Resulting 2D midface curvature in the cross section highlighted in white on the ellipsoid. Horizontal white lines in the cross sections indicate a furrow depth of 10 μm, corresponding to the state where the midline curvature is measured in Fig. 7. Simulations run until reaching mechanical steady state beyond a depth of 10 μm. Scale bar = 100 μm.

Combinatorial patterns of graded RhoA activation and uniform F-actin depletion promote tissue curvature

Marlis Denk-Lobnig, Jan F. Totz, Natalie C. Heer, Jörn Dunkel, and Adam C. Martin

Development 2021. 148:None-None; doi: 10.1242/dev.199232