Movie 3.

2D bright-field view of the movement of a microbead bound to the cilium and the shape of the cilium in the live T. thermophila cell trapped by a micropipette. One beating of the cilium and the microbead bound near the ciliary tip was imaged. The movie shows 2D blight-field view recorded by sCMOS camera for 105 ms (5 ms intervals, ×1/50 speed). Scale bar: 3μm.

Three-dimensional beating pattern of the ciliary tip in the live ciliate Tetrahymena

Akisato Marumo, Hiroto Ishii, Shin Yamaguchi, Rieko Sumiyoshi, Kyohei Matsuda, Masahiko Yamagishi, and Junichiro Yajima

J Cell Sci 2025. 138:None-None; doi: 10.1242/jcs.264027